Correction and Retraction

Customary Law Review maintains the integrity of the scholarly record and follows COPE's Retraction Guidelines when a published article requires amendment.

Correction (Erratum or Corrigendum). When an error that affects the accuracy of an article is found after publication, a correction notice is published and linked to the original article. An erratum addresses errors introduced by the journal during production, while a corrigendum addresses errors made by the authors. Minor typographical errors that do not affect the content are not usually corrected.

Expression of Concern. Where there is evidence of possible misconduct but the investigation has not yet concluded, the editor may publish an expression of concern to alert readers.

Retraction. An article is retracted when there is clear evidence that its findings are unreliable due to misconduct or serious error, or when it involves plagiarism, duplicate publication, unethical research, or the use of data without authorization. The retracted article remains available online, clearly marked "RETRACTED," and a retraction notice explaining the reasons is published and linked to it.

Removal. In exceptional cases, such as legal infringement, defamation, or a serious risk to the safety of individuals or communities, the article may be removed from the website. The bibliographic metadata is retained along with a notice explaining the removal.

Requests for correction or retraction from authors should be sent to [email redaksi].